Name of development project:

TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

Photo:



Description of the project:

The Nelson Mandela Bridge is a bridge in Johannesburg, South Africa. It was built in braamfontein over the park station railway, it crosses over 42 operational railway lines without disturbing railway traffic and is 284 metres long and connects to Newtown. It is the largest cable-stayed bridge in South Africa.The designing of the bridge started in June 2001 which involved the Denmark-based architectural firm,by 2003 the bridge had been completely built.It is connecting Braamfontein and Johannesburg CBD. It has walk ways for the pedestrians as well by the side so that they walkfreely without being a disturbance to the motorist. Moreover, it has very long and strong polls that make the bridge strong.The proposal for the bridge was to link up two main business areas of Braamfontein and Newtown,moreover it also serves as a tourist attraction.

Why is this development?

The Nelson Mandela bridge is part of a Johannesburg inner city project and the main purpose of building this bridge was to rejuvinate the city and give Gauteng a unique landmark that could boost the tourism and the economic development. It also provided easier access to the city center which solves the problem of traffic congestion and it is also a development because there was a process of job creation for the unemployed. This project did also reduce the high rate of poverty in our country. In addition, the Nelson Mandela bridge is named after an African greatest leader,who brought about a new political dispensation with regard to the political development from an oppressive apatheid regime to democracy. Furthermore, it serves as a form of income for individuals (photographers). They tend to sell frames and pictures of this magnificent and meaningfull bridge of South Africa and the continent Africa. An example of the latest creative work that was done on the Nelson Mandela bridge is of the well known fashion designer by the name of David Thlale. He for the very first time hoasted the Johannesburg Fashion week right on the actual bridge and this was well received by South Africans. The greatest of all is that each design symbolised the 92 years of our former president Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela. To add on these photos, they can be displayed in museums, and also in galleries which save as a tourist attraction and also as a way of keeping our history in South africa. Furthermore, even if the bridge was constructed sometime back, they still do many activities, for example last year during the world cup it was closed and they had to re-open it to act as though its new just to acttract the tourist. Hence, this bridge is still generating some income to the country and this partly developing it as the money that is being generated contributes to the road constructions and maintainance. Another thing is that since the bridge is named after one of the top African Icons it will attract more tourist as they would want to see the famous bridge named after the famous icon. The bridge can be viewed from one of Johannesburg's most popular roads, the M1 highway. It has been launched by the city of Johannesburg and private investors to regenerate Braamfontein as a center of business and entertainment, incorporating the Johannesburg Civic Theatre and Wits University. This bridge was name after a legend by the name of Nelson Mandela, and it will develop the country and boost up the tourism industry.

What development theory underpinning this project

Economic growth:

• This development theory focuses on the investment on new infrastructure projects and the Nelson Mandela bridge is a great example of this
• By creating a project like this too many jobs were created especially for the poor and the high levels of poverty could be decreased in our country.
• An increase in spending will make the demand for goods and services will be even higher.
• State as key actor in organising resources distribuyion and use.
• This theory states intervention in the economy to help regions and groups that are disadvantaged.

How does this project impact on children and the youth

Its advantages:

• It educates the youth on South Africas history of apartheid.
• It has safe walking ways for the children, especially those who are in primary.
• It serves as a short cut for some other school learners.
• It is a great advantage that it was named after our hero the former president Nelson Mandela.

Its disadvantages

• It can sometimes be dangerouse to the much out going ouyh. For example: those who walk on the bridge drunk or under the influence of alcohol might just fall over and could injure themselves.

Developed by:

Matee K

201181025

Mzimba T

201182340

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2.Keynesianism:

• Its main actors are the state and market.
• This is an economic growth, in particular full employment, whereby there is the state intervention in the economy to help regions and groups that are disadvantaged.
• In this thoery there is an emphasis on state intervention to help the advantaged regions and groups, this project in some way will develop Gauteng, particularly Johannesburg as tourists who come to Johannesburg will tour the place and contribute more money to the region.
• The money contributed to Johannesburg will develop the infrastructure of Johannesburg. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3. Modernisation theory:

• The main actors are the state and market, economic growth and increased complexity in social and economic organisation development.
• It has eurocentric assumptions that all countries should follow the path of Western nations.
• This is so, because this bridge looks similar to those in America, hence this is more or less similar to the Western nations. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4.Sustainable development:

• This bridge needs to be protected at all times.
• Due to the fact that a while back, some people stole some cables from the bridge,however a 24 hour camera has been installed. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Developed by:
MATEE K. 201181025
NDEBELE S. 200924246
NTLABATHI S. 200935632
JUDELS C. 201104760
MABE K. 201181200
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MOTSOALEDI LN.

201120878

Economic growth theory

• This development theory focuses on the investment on new infrastrucure projects and the Mandela Bridge was exactly that.
• By creating a project like this many jobs will be created and if many jobs are created then there will be a generation of wealth which will increase local spending and this spending will contribute to the success of other businesses and create jobs for more people.
• If there is an increase in spending then the demand for goods and services will also increase and then government will have to invest in more infrastructure.

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Mzimba T.

201182340

Employment development theory

• This development theory is developing the country with employment. This bridge was built by people and that people had got job from the Mandela bridge.
• This bridge provided the job opportunity to the people who were unemployed and who just stayed out of the streets, this has also decreased the level of crime because people got jobs and they had something to do instead of go and steal from other people.
• This has also increased the economic growth because people also went to take some photos of this bridge and publishe them in the other country which people will come and see this bridge.

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Sibandze N.B

201120530
Economic development theory:

As a developing country it is only fair to say that the Nelson Mandela Bridge has improved our economy through matching up to those structures built by developed countries. Through the tourist attraction is has created opportunities for our country to compete with other countries. It has improved the standard of living especially for those with transport to decrease traffic and get easy access to other places. Named after a well known man, it is also historic value and therefore captures our history and how our country has grown to positive aspects. It has created job opportunhities and also incresed the level of skills through the technology that was used.
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MABE K.

201181200

Modernisation development theory

• The first point I am going to state is the fact that this project was headed by the Johannesburg Development agency (JDA).
• This particular organisations main objective is to stimulate and suppor area-based development initiatives in the city, promoting investment in marginalised communities such as the inner-city, examples are the Rea vaya project as well as the Soccer City precinct upgrade.
• Secondly th bridge is a centre piece of a R300million renewal project driven by the provinces economic development initiative, Blue IQ. Thirdly the city of Johannesburg and private investors have launched a R200million initiative to regenerate Braamfontein as a centre of business and entertainment, incorporating the Johannesburg Civic theatre and Wits University.
• The Bridge also created jobs and attracts tourists.

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Mohale N.T

201155667

Modernisation and Economic growth development theory

• The main actor for this project is the Nelson Mandela brigde, which gives/ shows us the modernisation theory. I say this because it focuses on the modernisation development which is the brigde on itself.
• Furthermore is also focuses on the economic development theory.
• It has and is still drwaing people from and out of the country. Because of its name ( Nelson Mandela ) many people want to come and see the brigde, it is also built in an advanced way.
• There is alot more to see in it more than the name it has, it is attractive, especially at night.
• This project automatically ranges in the macro-level, since we also observe that it is the modernisation and the economic theory. It is a project that is known world-wide.

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2ND PART(DUE WEDNESDAY 22 APRIL)


Matee K

201181025

Advantages (Neo-libralism development)

• The neo-libralism development advantages the youth in such away that, we now have the rights as the youth, for an example: children have the right to education, the right to health and right to shelter.
• As back then,we as children had no rights or whatsoever.
• The BEE's were formed to reform the black employment issues and in a way this did give an advantage to the youth and alot of them now can be employed.
• The youth now has got freedom.
• In the working environment employers are now under trade unions and their rights are protected as in the past their rights were violated.
• Whereas the Nelson Mandela bridge benefits the youth in such a way that, they can easily generate money for themselves just buy selling frames of the Nelson Mandela bridge. Furthermore, the project serves as some sort of education to the youth and children. They get to be taught of the importance of the bridge, the origin of it, what it means for South Africa and most importantly the name behind it.

Disadvantages

• The disadvantages of this theory is that, the youth tends to misuse and abuse these rights.
• However the youth and children are the victims interms of rape and this affects both girls and boys.
• In terms of the disadvantages for children and the youth is that: children who go visit thr bridge for leissure purposes without the guidance or supervision of adults could be dangerous for them.
• However the bridge has got safety and was built in a way that no one could easily get injured.
• But for the youth and children who could possibly be under the influence of alcohol whilst being or walking by the bridge can easily fall off the bridge and get hurt.
• Lastly i have no doubts of the safety of the bridge as it was built by professionals.

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Ntlabathi. S

200935632

Benefits:

• The Nelson Mandela bridge can benefit children who walk to school as it can serve as a short cut for to to get to school quicker, people staying in town and Newtown.
• The youth can show their talenting skills and draw the brigde or even take nice pictures of it in order to sell the pictures so as to generate money for themselves.
• By doing this, the youth becomes more proud about their country and city.
• Another advantage is that the bridge is well build, meaning it is safe to walk at for both the children and the youth.
• It is also safe to cross even at night, due to the big lights.

Disadvantages:

• The brigde could be of danger to the children and the youth due to the criminals who sometimes go around there so as to target them to steal their possessions.
• Might not be safe due to no securities around, especially for the children.

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Mzimba T.

201182340

Benefits

This bridge can benefit the travelers who always go across the bridge. This bridge helps economy to grow because tourist will come to it. This is the benefit for all South Africans because it is named after our legend Nelson Mandela. Children can get an opportunity to say 'we have a fomouse bridge in our country'. Children and may get a way to do some projects at their schools about the bridge.

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MOTSOALEDI LN
201120878

Economic Growth theory

Benefits for children and youth:

• Economic growth helps in the reduction of poverty and this can be very beneficial for children in developing countries.
• Economic growth also helps in job creation and the youth in developing countries can benefit from this job creation especialy those that cant afford to get tertiary education.
• This development theory uses infrastructure projects to create jobs and a infrastructural project such as the Mandela Bridge may help the youth to travel easily between newtown and braamfontein.
• The economic growth theory also aims to improve the provision of goods and services and the youth may benefits from this because more schools could be built.

Disadvantages for children and youth:

• Infrastructural projects play a big role in this theory and these projects destroy the natural environment and this may be a problem for the youth who are born into a world with no vegetation and lack of oxygen, this will cause problems such as global warming and pollution.

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Sibandze N.B

201120530

Economic Growth Theory

Benefits

• It will help bring deliveries of services closer to the children and youth and make easy access for community distance.
• It will help with improve opportunities available to the youth and the children.
• The economic growth theory will enable improvemjent of the economy whivh will allow the children and youth to be in a modernised place which will enhance their standards of living.
• It will be a source of education with how to improve our development in the foture and education on our historybecause Nelson Mandela is an icon World Wide.

Disadvantages

• If the bridge ever collapses then it will have a great impact on the youth and children, becuase a lot of funds will be used to repair it, which will make the youth and children neglected and some of them might lose their parents in the process.
• The budget that is allocated to the infrastructure could me used to provide enough text book and other school resources to improve their education.

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Judels C.

201104760

the Nelson Mandela Bridge and the effect it has on the youth.

Advantages:

• It educates the youth on South africa's history of apartheid.
• It educates the youth on the importance of Nelson Mandela has on our country.
• It helps to communicate and make distances between communities smaller, therefore the youth can communicate easier with each other.
• It can teach the youth on how we must develope our infrastructure in our country

Disadvantages:

• the bridge may not be a strong infratructure and could lead to the cause of death as the bridge may cause accidents.
• the money spent on the infastructure as well as the maintanance could be used on better education, schools being built as well as stationary and textbooks
• Parental guidance is adviced at all times as children may fall down and be injured as well as cars may cause an accident.

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